How to Develop a Pet Adoption System: Features, Tech Stack, and Benefits

Rashmi Mishra
0

 


Project Overview : Pet Adoption System

Project Title:

Pet Adoption System

Overview:

A Pet Adoption System is a web-based or mobile application designed to facilitate the adoption of pets from animal shelters, rescue organizations, or independent pet owners. It serves as a platform where potential adopters can browse available pets, learn about their details, and submit adoption requests. The system streamlines the adoption process, ensuring that pets find suitable and loving homes while making it easier for shelters and pet owners to manage adoptions efficiently.

 

A Pet Adoption System is a valuable tool for connecting pet seekers with animals in need of homes. By digitizing the adoption process, it enhances efficiency, transparency, and the chances of successful pet placements, ultimately promoting responsible pet ownership and reducing the number of stray or abandoned animals.


Key Features of a Pet Adoption System:

1.   User Registration & Authentication:

o    Allows users to create accounts, log in, and manage their profiles.

o    Different roles such as adopters, shelter admins, and veterinarians.

2.   Pet Listings & Search:

o    Provides detailed profiles of pets, including images, breed, age, health status, and temperament.

o    Users can filter pets based on breed, age, size, and location.

3.   Adoption Process Management:

o    Users can submit adoption applications and track their status.

o    Shelters can review applications and communicate with potential adopters.

4.   Pet Care & Medical Records:

o    Stores vaccination and medical history for each pet.

o    Allows adopters to view health records before adoption.

5.   Online Booking for Meet & Greet:

o    Users can schedule appointments to meet pets before adoption.

6.   Donation & Support Feature:

o    Allows users to donate to animal shelters for pet care and medical expenses.

7.   Admin Panel for Shelter Management:

o    Shelters can add, update, or remove pet listings.

o    Manages adoption requests and verifies adopters.

8.   Post-Adoption Tracking & Feedback:

o    Ensures pets are taken care of post-adoption through follow-ups.

o    Users can submit feedback on their adoption experience.


Benefits of a Pet Adoption System:

Efficient Pet Adoption Process – Reduces paperwork and speeds up the adoption process.
Better Pet Exposure – Increases the chances of adoption by providing detailed pet listings.
Improved Pet Welfare – Ensures pets go to responsible adopters.
Convenient & User-Friendly – Simplifies pet searching and adoption tracking.

Objective:

The primary objective of the Pet Adoption System is to provide a digital platform that connects potential adopters with animal shelters, rescue organizations, and pet owners. The system aims to streamline the adoption process, ensure transparency, and facilitate responsible pet ownership.

The key objectives include:

1.   Simplify Pet Adoption – Make it easy for adopters to find and apply for pets online.

2.   Enhance Pet Visibility – Provide a detailed database of adoptable pets with images and descriptions.

3.   Reduce Abandonment Rates – Encourage responsible pet adoption by screening adopters.

4.   Improve Shelter Efficiency – Help animal shelters manage pet listings, adoption requests, and medical records.

5.   Ensure Pet Welfare – Maintain records of vaccinations, health conditions, and post-adoption follow-ups.

6.   Encourage Donations & Support – Allow users to contribute to pet care and welfare through donations.


Scope of the Project:

The Pet Adoption System has a broad scope, benefiting multiple stakeholders, including adopters, shelters, rescue organizations, and pet owners. The system covers the following areas:

1. User Management:

  • Users can register, log in, and manage profiles.
  • Different user roles: Adopter, Shelter Admin, and Veterinarian.

2. Pet Management:

  • Shelters can add, update, or remove pet listings.
  • Each pet profile includes images, breed, age, medical history, and adoption status.

3. Search and Filter Options:

  • Adopters can search pets based on species, breed, age, location, and health status.

4. Adoption Request & Approval:

  • Adopters can apply for adoption through an online form.
  • Shelters can review applications and approve/reject requests based on eligibility.

5. Appointment Scheduling:

  • Users can book an appointment for a Meet & Greet before adoption.
  • Virtual or in-person visit scheduling is available.

6. Medical Records & Pet Care:

  • Stores vaccination records, health check-ups, and treatment history for pets.
  • Adopters can access a pet’s medical records before adoption.

7. Donation & Sponsorship:

  • Users can donate to support pet care expenses.
  • Option to sponsor a pet’s medical or food needs.

8. Post-Adoption Support & Feedback:

  • Adopters receive guidance and pet care tips post-adoption.
  • Shelters can track adopted pets and collect feedback.

9. Admin Panel for System Management:

  • Admins can monitor user activities, manage pet listings, and oversee donations.
  • Generate reports on adoption statistics and pet welfare.

Modules of the Pet Adoption System with Detailed Explanation

A Pet Adoption System consists of various modules, each handling a specific functionality within the system. Below is a detailed explanation of the modules, including their functions and respective database tables used.


1. User Management Module

📌 Purpose:
This module manages user registration, authentication, and role-based access for adopters, shelter admins, and veterinarians.

Functions:

  • User Registration (Signup)
  • User Login & Authentication
  • Role-Based Access Control (Adopter, Shelter Admin, Veterinarian)
  • Profile Management (Edit, Update, Delete Profile)

Database Tables:

users (Stores user details)

Field Name

Data Type

Description

id

INT (PK)

Unique User ID

name

VARCHAR

Full Name of the User

email

VARCHAR

User Email (Unique)

password

VARCHAR

Encrypted Password

phone

VARCHAR

Contact Number

address

TEXT

User Address

role

ENUM('adopter', 'admin', 'vet')

User Role

created_at

TIMESTAMP

Account Creation Date

updated_at

TIMESTAMP

Last Updated Date


2. Pet Management Module

📌 Purpose:
Manages the addition, updating, and deletion of pet listings by shelters or admins.

Functions:

  • Add new pet listings
  • Update pet information (age, breed, health status)
  • Delete pet records
  • View available pets

Database Tables:

pets (Stores pet information)

Field Name

Data Type

Description

id

INT (PK)

Unique Pet ID

name

VARCHAR

Pet's Name

species

ENUM('Dog', 'Cat', 'Bird', etc.)

Type of Pet

breed

VARCHAR

Breed of the Pet

age

INT

Pet’s Age

gender

ENUM('Male', 'Female')

Gender of Pet

description

TEXT

Details About the Pet

health_status

TEXT

Medical and Health Information

image

VARCHAR

Pet Image File Path

status

ENUM('Available', 'Adopted')

Adoption Status

shelter_id

INT (FK)

References users(id), owner of the pet

created_at

TIMESTAMP

Date Added

updated_at

TIMESTAMP

Last Updated Date


3. Adoption Request Module

📌 Purpose:
Handles the pet adoption request process from adopters to shelter admins.

Functions:

  • Adopter submits an adoption request
  • Admin reviews and approves/rejects request
  • Track request status

Database Tables:

adoption_requests (Stores adoption applications)

Field Name

Data Type

Description

id

INT (PK)

Unique Adoption Request ID

user_id

INT (FK)

References users(id), requester (adopter)

pet_id

INT (FK)

References pets(id), requested pet

request_date

TIMESTAMP

Date of Request

status

ENUM('Pending', 'Approved', 'Rejected')

Status of Request

admin_id

INT (FK)

References users(id), approving admin

comments

TEXT

Admin Remarks


4. Search & Filter Module

📌 Purpose:
Allows users to search and filter pets based on different criteria.

Functions:

  • Search by pet name or breed
  • Filter by species, age, location, and health status

(No dedicated table needed; queries fetch data from the pets table.)


5. Appointment Scheduling Module

📌 Purpose:
Allows adopters to schedule a meeting with a shelter before adopting a pet.

Functions:

  • Adopters request an appointment
  • Shelter admin approves/rejects the appointment

Database Tables:

appointments (Stores scheduled meetings)

Field Name

Data Type

Description

id

INT (PK)

Unique Appointment ID

user_id

INT (FK)

References users(id), adopter

pet_id

INT (FK)

References pets(id), pet to meet

date_time

DATETIME

Scheduled Date & Time

status

ENUM('Pending', 'Confirmed', 'Cancelled')

Status of Appointment


6. Medical Records & Pet Health Module

📌 Purpose:
Maintains medical records of pets, including vaccinations and treatments.

Functions:

  • View and update pet medical history
  • Store vaccination and health details

Database Tables:

medical_records (Stores pet health records)

Field Name

Data Type

Description

id

INT (PK)

Unique Record ID

pet_id

INT (FK)

References pets(id)

vet_id

INT (FK)

References users(id), veterinarian

treatment

TEXT

Treatment Details

vaccination

TEXT

Vaccination History

date

DATE

Date of Treatment


7. Donations & Sponsorship Module

📌 Purpose:
Enables users to donate money or sponsor pets for their food and medical expenses.

Functions:

  • Make a donation to support shelter operations
  • Sponsor a pet's medical expenses

Database Tables:

donations (Stores donation transactions)

Field Name

Data Type

Description

id

INT (PK)

Unique Donation ID

user_id

INT (FK)

References users(id), donor

amount

DECIMAL

Donation Amount

purpose

ENUM('General', 'Pet Sponsorship')

Donation Type

date

TIMESTAMP

Donation Date


8. Admin Dashboard Module

📌 Purpose:
Provides an admin interface for monitoring and managing the system.

Functions:

  • View adoption requests and approve/reject them
  • Manage pet listings and user activities
  • Generate reports on adoptions and donations

(No specific table; data is fetched from multiple tables like users, pets, adoption_requests, and donations.)


ER Diagram (Entity-Relationship Diagram) for the Pet Adoption System

Pet Adoption System: DFD (Data Flow Diagram) Levels 0 and 1

A Data Flow Diagram (DFD) represents the flow of data within a system, illustrating how inputs are transformed into outputs through various processes.

📌 Level 0 DFD (Context Diagram)

The Level 0 DFD, also called the Context Diagram, provides a high-level overview of the Pet Adoption System. It shows the system as a single process interacting with external entities such as users, admin, shelters, and veterinarians.

Entities and Data Flow in Level 0 DFD:

1.   User (Adopter)

o    Sends an adoption request.

o    Views available pets.

o    Schedules appointments.

o    Makes donations.

2.   Admin

o    Manages users, pets, and adoption requests.

o    Approves or rejects adoption requests.

3.   Shelter Staff

o    Adds and updates pet information.

o    Manages pet health records.

4.   Veterinarian

o    Updates medical records.

o    Provides vaccination and health checkups.

5.   System

o    Stores and processes user requests.

o    Maintains pet and adoption records.

o    Generates reports for management.


📌 Level 1 DFD (Detailed Flow)

The Level 1 DFD expands on the Level 0 DFD by breaking the system into multiple interconnected processes.

📍 Key Processes in Level 1 DFD

1.   User Management

o    User registers/logs in.

o    Admin verifies user details.

o    Users can update their profile.

2.   Pet Management

o    Shelter staff adds pet details (name, species, breed, age, health status, etc.).

o    Users view available pets.

o    Admin can approve or update pet listings.

3.   Adoption Process

o    Users submit an adoption request.

o    Admin reviews and approves/rejects the request.

o    If approved, an appointment is scheduled.

4.   Appointment Scheduling

o    User selects an available time slot.

o    Shelter staff confirms the appointment.

o    A meeting is arranged for the user to interact with the pet.

5.   Medical Records Management

o    Veterinarians update pet medical history.

o    System stores health records and vaccination details.

o    Admin can generate medical reports.

6.   Donation Management

o    Users make donations for pet care.

o    The system records transaction details.

o    Admin generates donation reports.


📌 Conclusion

  • The Level 0 DFD shows a simple, high-level interaction between external entities and the system.
  • The Level 1 DFD provides a deeper breakdown of processes and data flow.

📌 Database Tables for Pet Adoption System

Below are the essential database tables for the Pet Adoption System, along with their descriptions and attributes.


1️ Users Table (Stores user details)

Table Name: users
Description: This table stores information about registered users (adopters, admins, shelter staff, veterinarians).

Column Name

Data Type

Description

id

INT (PK, AI)

Unique user ID

name

VARCHAR(100)

Full name of the user

email

VARCHAR(150)

User's email (unique)

password

VARCHAR(255)

Hashed password

role

ENUM('admin', 'adopter', 'staff', 'vet')

User role

phone

VARCHAR(15)

Contact number

address

TEXT

User's address

created_at

TIMESTAMP

Account creation date


2️ Pets Table (Stores pet details)

Table Name: pets
Description: This table contains details about pets available for adoption.

Column Name

Data Type

Description

id

INT (PK, AI)

Unique pet ID

name

VARCHAR(100)

Pet’s name

species

VARCHAR(50)

Type of pet (Dog, Cat, etc.)

breed

VARCHAR(100)

Breed of pet

age

INT

Age of pet in years

gender

ENUM('Male', 'Female')

Pet’s gender

health_status

TEXT

General health condition

shelter_id

INT (FK)

Shelter where pet is located

adopted_status

ENUM('Available', 'Adopted', 'Pending')

Current adoption status

added_at

TIMESTAMP

Date when pet was added


3️ Adoption Requests Table (Stores adoption requests)

Table Name: adoption_requests
Description: This table stores records of pet adoption requests from users.

Column Name

Data Type

Description

id

INT (PK, AI)

Unique request ID

user_id

INT (FK)

ID of the adopter requesting

pet_id

INT (FK)

ID of the pet being adopted

request_date

TIMESTAMP

Date of request submission

status

ENUM('Pending', 'Approved', 'Rejected')

Request status

processed_by

INT (FK)

Admin ID who processed request

decision_date

TIMESTAMP

Date when request was processed


4️ Appointments Table (Manages meetings between adopters and shelters)

Table Name: appointments
Description: This table schedules meetings between adopters and shelters for pet interactions.

Column Name

Data Type

Description

id

INT (PK, AI)

Unique appointment ID

user_id

INT (FK)

Adopter ID

pet_id

INT (FK)

Pet ID

shelter_id

INT (FK)

Shelter ID

appointment_date

DATETIME

Scheduled date/time

status

ENUM('Pending', 'Confirmed', 'Completed', 'Cancelled')

Appointment status


5️ Shelters Table (Stores shelter information)

Table Name: shelters
Description: This table contains details about pet shelters.

Column Name

Data Type

Description

id

INT (PK, AI)

Unique shelter ID

name

VARCHAR(100)

Shelter name

location

TEXT

Address of shelter

phone

VARCHAR(15)

Contact number

email

VARCHAR(150)

Email ID

capacity

INT

Maximum number of pets shelter can hold


6️ Medical Records Table (Stores pet medical history)

Table Name: medical_records
Description: Stores health information and vaccinations for each pet.

Column Name

Data Type

Description

id

INT (PK, AI)

Unique medical record ID

pet_id

INT (FK)

Pet ID

vet_id

INT (FK)

Veterinarian ID

health_notes

TEXT

Notes on pet’s health

vaccination_date

DATE

Last vaccination date

next_vaccine_due

DATE

Next vaccine due date


7️ Donations Table (Manages donations made by users)

Table Name: donations
Description: This table records donations made by users for pet care.

Column Name

Data Type

Description

id

INT (PK, AI)

Unique donation ID

user_id

INT (FK)

Donor ID

amount

DECIMAL(10,2)

Donation amount

donation_date

TIMESTAMP

Date of donation


8️ Admin Table (Stores admin details)

Table Name: admin
Description: Stores login details of system administrators.

Column Name

Data Type

Description

id

INT (PK, AI)

Unique admin ID

name

VARCHAR(100)

Admin’s full name

email

VARCHAR(150)

Email ID

password

VARCHAR(255)

Hashed password

created_at

TIMESTAMP

Date of account creation


📌 Database Relationships

  • users ↔ adoption_requests → One user can request multiple adoptions.
  • users ↔ appointments → Users can book multiple appointments.
  • pets ↔ medical_records → Each pet has a medical history.
  • users ↔ donations → Users can donate multiple times.
  • shelters ↔ pets → Each pet belongs to a shelter.
  • admin ↔ adoption_requests → Admin processes adoption requests.

📌 Conclusion

This database structure efficiently manages user registration, pet records, adoptions, appointments, medical records, and donations.

📌 Project Structure for Pet Adoption System (Using PHP-MVC)

pet-adoption-system/

│── app/

   ├── controllers/

      ├── HomeController.php

      ├── UserController.php

      ├── PetController.php

      ├── AdoptionController.php

      ├── AppointmentController.php

      ├── ShelterController.php

      ├── DonationController.php

      ├── AdminController.php

      └── AuthController.php

   ├── models/

      ├── User.php

      ├── Pet.php

      ├── Adoption.php

      ├── Appointment.php

      ├── Shelter.php

      ├── Donation.php

      ├── Admin.php

      └── MedicalRecord.php

   ├── views/

      ├── home/

         ├── index.php

         ├── about.php

         ├── contact.php

      ├── auth/

         ├── login.php

         ├── register.php

      ├── pets/

         ├── list.php

         ├── details.php

      ├── adoption/

         ├── request.php

         ├── status.php

      ├── admin/

         ├── dashboard.php

         ├── manage_users.php

         ├── manage_pets.php

         ├── manage_adoptions.php

         ├── manage_shelters.php

         ├── donations.php

   ├── core/

      ├── Database.php

      ├── Controller.php

      ├── Model.php

      ├── Router.php

   ├── helpers/

      ├── SessionHelper.php

      ├── RedirectHelper.php

│── public/

   ├── assets/

      ├── css/

         ├── style.css

      ├── js/

         ├── script.js

      ├── images/

   ├── index.php

   ├── .htaccess

│── config/

   ├── config.php

│── routes/

   ├── web.php

│── storage/

   ├── uploads/

│── logs/

   ├── error.log

│── vendor/  (Composer dependencies)

│── .env

│── composer.json

│── README.md


📌 Explanation of Directories

📂 app/ (Main Application Logic)

This folder contains all MVC components.

  • Controllers (app/controllers/): Handles user requests and communicates with models & views.
    • HomeController.php → Manages homepage requests.
    • UserController.php → Manages user actions (login, registration, profile).
    • PetController.php → Handles pet-related operations (add, view, edit).
    • AdoptionController.php → Manages pet adoption requests.
    • AppointmentController.php → Schedules appointments.
    • ShelterController.php → Manages pet shelters.
    • DonationController.php → Handles donation-related transactions.
    • AdminController.php → Admin dashboard for managing the system.
    • AuthController.php → Handles authentication (login, logout, registration).
  • Models (app/models/): Represents database tables and business logic.
    • User.php → Handles user data.
    • Pet.php → Manages pet-related data.
    • Adoption.php → Handles adoption requests.
    • Appointment.php → Stores appointment details.
    • Shelter.php → Manages shelter data.
    • Donation.php → Tracks donations.
    • Admin.php → Stores admin accounts.
    • MedicalRecord.php → Manages pet health records.
  • Views (app/views/): Contains UI files (HTML, PHP).
    • home/ → Homepage, about, contact pages.
    • auth/ → Login & registration forms.
    • pets/ → Pet listing & details pages.
    • adoption/ → Adoption request & status views.
    • admin/ → Admin dashboard & management pages.
  • Core (app/core/): Contains essential system files.
    • Database.php → Handles database connections.
    • Controller.php → Base controller class for all controllers.
    • Model.php → Base model class for database operations.
    • Router.php → Handles URL routing.
  • Helpers (app/helpers/): Contains utility functions.
    • SessionHelper.php → Manages session data.
    • RedirectHelper.php → Handles page redirection.

📂 public/ (Public Assets)

Contains files accessible by the browser.

  • assets/css/ → Stylesheets.
  • assets/js/ → JavaScript files.
  • assets/images/ → Stores images.
  • index.php → Main entry file (loads the framework).
  • .htaccess → URL rewriting (for clean URLs).

📂 config/ (Configuration Files)

  • config.php → Stores database and app configuration.

📂 routes/ (Routing)

  • web.php → Defines app routes (maps URLs to controllers).

📂 storage/ (File Uploads & Logs)

  • uploads/ → Stores pet images & documents.
  • logs/ → Stores error logs.

📂 vendor/ (Composer Dependencies)

  • Contains third-party PHP libraries (autoloaded by Composer).

📂 .env (Environment Variables)

  • Stores sensitive data (database credentials, API keys).

📌 How It Works

1.   User requests a page (e.g., pets/list.php)

o    The request is handled by Router.php and mapped to PetController.php.

2.   Controller processes the request

o    Fetches pet data from Pet.php (Model).

3.   Data is passed to the View (views/pets/list.php)

o    Displays pet details to the user.


📌 Running the Project

Step 1: Install Dependencies

composer install

Step 2: Configure the Database

  • Create a database and update config/config.php with DB credentials.

Step 3: Start the Server

php -S localhost:8000 -t public/

Step 4: Open in Browser

http://localhost:8000/


📌 Conclusion

This MVC structure ensures a clean, scalable, and maintainable Pet Adoption System.

📌 Project Structure for Pet Adoption System (Using Core PHP - Not MVC)

This project is built using Core PHP without any framework or MVC structure. It follows a simple folder-based structure for easy navigation and functionality.


📂 Project Directory Structure

pet-adoption-system/

│── assets/

   ├── css/

      ├── style.css

   ├── js/

      ├── script.js

   ├── images/

│── config/

   ├── config.php

   ├── database.php

│── includes/

   ├── header.php

   ├── footer.php

   ├── navbar.php

   ├── session.php

│── admin/

   ├── dashboard.php

   ├── manage_users.php

   ├── manage_pets.php

   ├── manage_adoptions.php

   ├── manage_shelters.php

   ├── donations.php

│── user/

   ├── register.php

   ├── login.php

   ├── logout.php

   ├── profile.php

│── pets/

   ├── list.php

   ├── details.php

   ├── add_pet.php

│── adoption/

   ├── request.php

   ├── status.php

│── shelters/

   ├── list.php

   ├── details.php

│── donations/

   ├── donate.php

   ├── history.php

│── appointments/

   ├── book_appointment.php

   ├── view_appointments.php

│── index.php

│── about.php

│── contact.php

│── .htaccess

│── README.md


📌 Explanation of Folders and Files

📂 assets/ (Frontend Resources)

  • css/style.css → Main stylesheet for the website.
  • js/script.js → JavaScript file for frontend interactivity.
  • images/ → Stores uploaded pet images, user avatars, etc.

📂 config/ (Configuration & Database Connection)

  • config.php → Stores site settings like site name, email settings.
  • database.php → Connects to the database using MySQLi.

📂 includes/ (Reusable Components)

  • header.php → Common header for all pages.
  • footer.php → Common footer for all pages.
  • navbar.php → Top navigation menu.
  • session.php → Manages user sessions.

📂 admin/ (Admin Panel)

  • dashboard.php → Admin home page.
  • manage_users.php → View, update, delete users.
  • manage_pets.php → Add, update, delete pets.
  • manage_adoptions.php → Approve or reject adoption requests.
  • manage_shelters.php → Manage pet shelters.
  • donations.php → View donations and transactions.

📂 user/ (User Management)

  • register.php → User registration form.
  • login.php → User login form.
  • logout.php → Logs out the user.
  • profile.php → View and edit user profile.

📂 pets/ (Pet Listings & Management)

  • list.php → Displays all available pets for adoption.
  • details.php → Shows pet details.
  • add_pet.php → Allows shelters to add new pets.

📂 adoption/ (Adoption Process)

  • request.php → Users can request to adopt a pet.
  • status.php → Users can check their adoption request status.

📂 shelters/ (Shelter Information)

  • list.php → Displays list of pet shelters.
  • details.php → Shows shelter details.

📂 donations/ (Donation System)

  • donate.php → Allows users to make donations.
  • history.php → Displays user donation history.

📂 appointments/ (Appointments for Pet Visits)

  • book_appointment.php → Users can book appointments.
  • view_appointments.php → View scheduled appointments.

📂 Root Files

  • index.php → Homepage displaying available pets & shelters.
  • about.php → Information about the pet adoption system.
  • contact.php → Contact form for users.
  • .htaccess → URL rewriting & security settings.

📌 How It Works

1.   User visits index.php

o    Sees available pets for adoption.

o    Can navigate to Login/Register.

2.   User logs in (login.php)

o    Can request adoption, donate, or book appointments.

3.   Admin logs in (admin/dashboard.php)

o    Manages users, pets, adoptions, donations.

4.   Database connection (config/database.php)

o    Ensures all pages interact with the database.


📌 Running the Project

Step 1: Configure Database

  • Create a database and update config/database.php:

<?php

$servername = "localhost";

$username = "root";

$password = "";

$dbname = "pet_adoption";

 

$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);

 

if ($conn->connect_error) {

    die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);

}

?>

Step 2: Start Local Server

php -S localhost:8000

Step 3: Open in Browser


http://localhost:8000/


 

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