Assignments For Class 12

File Handling - Part 1

Assignment 1: File Reading and Writing

Objective: Implement file reading and writing operations.

Create a PHP script that performs the following tasks:

Open a text file named input.txt.
Read the contents of the file line by line and display each line on the web page.
Write the contents read from input.txt into a new file named output.txt.
After writing, display a success message indicating that the content has been written to output.txt.

Instructions:

Use fopen(), fgets(), fwrite(), and fclose() functions in your script.
Ensure that you handle errors, such as when the file does not exist.

Assignment 2: File Upload Functionality

Objective: Create a file upload form and handle file uploads.

Create an HTML form (named upload_form.html) that allows users to upload a file. Include:

An input field of type file for the user to choose a file.
A submit button to upload the file.

Create a PHP script (named upload.php) that processes the file upload:

Move the uploaded file to a directory called uploads/ on the server.
Display a success message if the upload is successful or an error message if it fails.
If the file upload is successful, display the name of the uploaded file.

Instructions:

Ensure that the uploads/ directory exists and has the appropriate permissions.
Validate the uploaded file type (e.g., allow only images or text files).

Assignment 3: Append Data to a File

Objective: Learn how to append data to an existing file.

Create a PHP script that:

Opens a text file named data.txt in append mode.
Takes user input via a form (named append_form.html) to add a new line of text to the file.
After submitting, append the new line to data.txt and display the entire contents of the file on the web page.

Instructions:

Use the a mode in fopen() for appending data.
Handle any potential errors during file operations.

Assignment 4: File Deletion

Objective: Implement file deletion functionality.

Create a PHP script that:

Displays a list of files in the uploads/ directory.
Provides a delete button next to each file.
When a user clicks the delete button, the corresponding file should be deleted from the server.

Instructions:

Use the unlink() function to delete files.
Ensure that you confirm the deletion action to avoid accidental deletions.

Assignment 5: File Upload with Validation

Objective: Enhance file upload functionality with validation.

Modify the file upload functionality created in Assignment 2:

Validate that the uploaded file is an image (e.g., JPG, PNG, GIF) or a text file.
Check the file size (limit it to 2MB).
If the file does not meet the criteria, display an appropriate error message.

Instructions:

Use mime_content_type() or check the file extension for validation.
Provide feedback to the user based on the validation results.

Submission Guidelines

Submit your PHP files, HTML files, and any other relevant files as a zipped folder.
Ensure your code is well-commented and organized for readability.
Include a README file explaining your implementation and any challenges faced during the assignments.

SOLUTIONS

Assignment 1: File Reading and Writing

Solution Code (file_read_write.php):

<?php

// Open the input file for reading

$inputFile = fopen("input.txt", "r");

if (!$inputFile) {

die("Error opening input file.");

}

// Create (or overwrite) the output file for writing

$outputFile = fopen("output.txt", "w");

if (!$outputFile) {

die("Error opening output file.");

}

// Read from input file and write to output file

while (($line = fgets($inputFile)) !== false) {

echo htmlspecialchars($line) . "<br>"; // Display each line

fwrite($outputFile, $line); // Write to output file

}

// Close both files

fclose($inputFile);

fclose($outputFile);

echo "Content has been written to output.txt successfully.";

Explanation:

Opens input.txt for reading.
Creates (or overwrites) output.txt for writing.
Reads each line from input.txt and writes it to output.txt, while also displaying it on the web page.
Closes both files and confirms success.

Assignment 2: File Upload Functionality

Solution Code (upload_form.html):

<!DOCTYPE html>

<head>

<title>File Upload</title>

</head>

<body>

Select file to upload:

</form>

</body>

</html>

Solution Code (upload.php):

<?php

if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {

$target_dir = "uploads/"; // Directory to save uploaded files

$target_file = $target_dir . basename($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"]);

// Check if file is uploaded successfully

if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["tmp_name"], $target_file)) {

echo "The file " . htmlspecialchars(basename($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"])) . " has been uploaded.";

} else {

echo "Sorry, there was an error uploading your file.";

}

Explanation:

The HTML form (upload_form.html) allows users to select a file for upload.
The PHP script (upload.php) processes the upload and moves the file to the uploads/ directory, displaying success or error messages.

Assignment 3: Append Data to a File

Solution Code (append_form.html):

<!DOCTYPE html>

<head>

<title>Append Data</title>

</head>

<body>

Enter text to append:

</form>

</body>

</html>

Solution Code (append.php):

<?php

if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {

$textToAppend = $_POST['appendText'];

// Open data.txt in append mode

$file = fopen("data.txt", "a");

if (!$file) {

die("Error opening file.");

}

// Write the new line to the file

fwrite($file, $textToAppend . "\n");

fclose($file);

// Display the entire contents of data.txt

echo "<h3>Contents of data.txt:</h3>";

$file = fopen("data.txt", "r");

while (($line = fgets($file)) !== false) {

echo htmlspecialchars($line) . "<br>"; // Display each line

}

fclose($file);

}

Explanation:

The HTML form (append_form.html) allows users to input text to append.
The PHP script (append.php) appends the text to data.txt and displays its entire contents.

Assignment 4: File Deletion

Solution Code (delete_files.php):

<?php

$directory = 'uploads/';

$files = scandir($directory);

echo "<h3>Files in the uploads directory:</h3>";

foreach ($files as $file) {

if ($file !== '.' && $file !== '..') {

echo htmlspecialchars($file) . " ";

echo "<form action='' method='POST' style='display:inline;'>

</form><br>";

}

if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST" && isset($_POST['filename'])) {

$fileToDelete = $directory . $_POST['filename'];

if (unlink($fileToDelete)) {

echo "File " . htmlspecialchars($_POST['filename']) . " has been deleted.";

} else {

echo "Error deleting file.";

}

Explanation:

This script lists files in the uploads/ directory and provides a delete button for each.
Upon clicking the delete button, the selected file is deleted using unlink(), and a confirmation message is displayed.

Assignment 5: File Upload with Validation

Solution Code (upload_with_validation.php):

<?php

if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {

$target_dir = "uploads/";

$target_file = $target_dir . basename($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"]);

$uploadOk = 1;

// Get file type and size

$fileType = strtolower(pathinfo($target_file, PATHINFO_EXTENSION));

$fileSize = $_FILES["fileToUpload"]["size"];

// Validate file type

if ($fileType != "jpg" && $fileType != "png" && $fileType != "gif" && $fileType != "txt") {

echo "Sorry, only JPG, PNG, GIF, and TXT files are allowed.";

$uploadOk = 0;

}

// Validate file size

if ($fileSize > 2097152) { // Limit size to 2MB

echo "Sorry, your file is too large.";

$uploadOk = 0;

}

// Check if everything is ok to upload

if ($uploadOk == 1) {

if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["tmp_name"], $target_file)) {

echo "The file " . htmlspecialchars(basename($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"])) . " has been uploaded.";

} else {

echo "Sorry, there was an error uploading your file.";

}

Explanation:

This PHP script validates the uploaded file's type (allowing only specific formats) and size (max 2MB).
If validation passes, the file is uploaded to the uploads/ directory; otherwise, an appropriate error message is displayed.

Assignment 6: File Existence Check

Objective: Learn how to check if a file exists before performing operations.

Create a PHP script that:

Checks if a file named example.txt exists.
If it exists, read and display its contents.
If it does not exist, create the file and write a message "This is a new file." to it.

Solution Code (file_existence.php):

<?php

$filename = "example.txt";

// Check if the file exists

if (file_exists($filename)) {

echo "File exists. Reading contents:<br>";

$file = fopen($filename, "r");

while (($line = fgets($file)) !== false) {

echo htmlspecialchars($line) . "<br>"; // Display each line

}

fclose($file);

} else {

// Create the file and write to it

$file = fopen($filename, "w");

fwrite($file, "This is a new file.");

fclose($file);

echo "File did not exist. Created new file: $filename";

}

Explanation:

The script checks for the existence of example.txt using file_exists().
If the file exists, it opens it for reading and displays its contents.
If the file does not exist, it creates the file and writes a default message into it.

Assignment 7: Reading a CSV File

Objective: Understand how to read data from a CSV file.

Create a CSV file named data.csv with the following content:

Name, Age, Email

John Doe, 30, john@example.com

Jane Smith, 25, jane@example.com

Create a PHP script that reads the CSV file and displays its contents in an HTML table.

Solution Code (read_csv.php):

<?php

$filename = "data.csv";

if (file_exists($filename)) {

echo "<table border='1'>";

echo "<tr><th>Name</th><th>Age</th><th>Email</th></tr>";

if (($handle = fopen($filename, "r")) !== false) {

// Read each line of the CSV file

while (($data = fgetcsv($handle)) !== false) {

echo "<tr>";

foreach ($data as $cell) {

echo "<td>" . htmlspecialchars($cell) . "</td>";

}

echo "</tr>";

}

fclose($handle);

}

echo "</table>";

} else {

echo "File not found.";

}

Explanation:

The script checks for the existence of data.csv.
If the file exists, it opens the file for reading using fgetcsv(), which reads each line as an array.
The data is displayed in an HTML table format.

Assignment 8: File Copying

Objective: Learn how to copy a file from one location to another.

Create a PHP script that:

Copies example.txt to a new file named example_copy.txt.
Check if the copy operation is successful and display a corresponding message.

Solution Code (copy_file.php):

<?php

$sourceFile = "example.txt";

$destinationFile = "example_copy.txt";

// Copy the file

if (copy($sourceFile, $destinationFile)) {

echo "File copied successfully to $destinationFile.";

} else {

echo "Failed to copy file.";

}

Explanation:

The script uses the copy() function to copy example.txt to example_copy.txt.
It checks if the copy operation was successful and displays an appropriate message.

Assignment 9: Writing Multiple Lines to a File

Objective: Write multiple lines of text to a file.

Create a PHP script that:

Takes an array of strings.
Writes each string as a new line in a file named multilines.txt.

Solution Code (write_multilines.php):

<?php

$lines = [

"First line of text.",

"Second line of text.",

"Third line of text."

];

$filename = "multilines.txt";

// Open the file for writing

$file = fopen($filename, "w");

if (!$file) {

die("Error opening file.");

}

// Write each line to the file

foreach ($lines as $line) {

fwrite($file, $line . PHP_EOL); // PHP_EOL ensures a new line

}

fclose($file);

echo "Lines have been written to $filename successfully.";

Explanation:

The script initializes an array of strings and opens multilines.txt for writing.
It loops through the array and writes each string to the file, adding a newline character after each line.
Closes the file and confirms success.

Assignment 10: File Upload with Error Handling

Objective: Enhance file upload functionality with more detailed error handling.

Modify the file upload script (from Assignment 2) to:

Check for file upload errors (e.g., file too large, no file selected).
Provide detailed error messages based on the error code.

Solution Code (upload_with_error_handling.php):

<?php

if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {

$target_dir = "uploads/";

$target_file = $target_dir . basename($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"]);

$uploadOk = 1;

// Check if file was uploaded without errors

if ($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["error"] !== UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {

switch ($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["error"]) {

case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:

case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:

echo "Error: Your file is too large.";

$uploadOk = 0;

break;

case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:

echo "Error: No file was uploaded.";

$uploadOk = 0;

break;

default:

echo "Error: An unknown error occurred.";

$uploadOk = 0;

break;

}

// Proceed with upload if no errors

if ($uploadOk === 1) {

if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["tmp_name"], $target_file)) {

echo "The file " . htmlspecialchars(basename($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"])) . " has been uploaded.";

} else {

echo "Sorry, there was an error uploading your file.";

}

Explanation:

The script checks for file upload errors using $_FILES["fileToUpload"]["error"].
It provides specific error messages based on the error code, improving user feedback during the upload process.

Assignments For Class 12: File Handling - Part 1

Assignments For Class 12

File Handling - Part 1

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Assignments For Class 12: File Handling - Part 1

Assignments For Class 12

File Handling - Part 1

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